Unit 5 Classes - Accessor Methods

What is an accessor method?

• Allow safe access to instance variables
  • Prevents access to variables from outside
• AKA “get methods” or “getters”
• If another class or a function needs access to the variable, you use an accessor method

Example:

public class snack { 
    private String name; 
    private int calories; 

    public Snack() { 
        name ""; 
        calories = 0; 
    }

    public Snack (string n, int c) { 
        name = n; 
        calories = c; 
    }

    public String getName(){
        return Name; 
    }

    public int getCalories() { 
        return calories; 
    }
}

Private Instance Variables:

private String name; private int calories;

Default Constructors

public Snack() { name ""; calories = 0; }

Overload Constructor

public Snack (string n, int c) { name = n; calories = c; }

Accessor Methods

` public String getName(){ return Name; }`

public int getCalories() { return calories; }

• Return command reciprocate a copy of the instance variable

Requirements

• Accessor Methods must be public
• Return type must match the variable type
  • int = int
  • string = string
  • etc
• REMEMBER PRINTING A VALUE IS NOT THE SAME AS RETURNING
• Name appropriately
  • Often is getNameOfVariable
• No parameters

Notice how the methods from the example match: public String getName(){ and public int getCalories()

Popcorn Hack #1:

Below is a constructor of a class, write the acccessor methods for all instance variables.

public class Pet {
    // Instance variables
    private String name;
    private String typeOfPet;
    private int age;

    public Pet(String name, String typeOfPet, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.typeOfPet = typeOfPet;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getTypeOfPet() {
        return typeOfPet;
    }

    public void displayPetDetails() {
        System.out.println("Pet Name: " + getName());
        System.out.println("Pet Type: " + getTypeOfPet());
        System.out.println("Pet Age: " + getAge());
    }
}

Pet myPet = new Pet("Buddy", "Dog", 5);
myPet.displayPetDetails();

Pet Name: Buddy
Pet Type: Dog
Pet Age: 5

How can we print out all the information about an instance of an object?

public class Sport {
    private String sportName;
    private int numPlayers;

    public Sport(String sportName, int numPlayers) {
        this.sportName = sportName;
        this.numPlayers = numPlayers;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sport: " + sportName + ", Players: " + numPlayers;
    }
}

public class SportTester {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Sport volley = new Sport("Volleyball", 12);

        System.out.println(volley);
    }
}

SportTester.main(null);

Sport: Volleyball, Players: 12